Why do we Hate Migrants?

A Double Machine Learning-based Approach

verfasst von: Aparup Khatua, Wolfgang Nejdl
Abstract: AI-based NLP literature has explored antipathy toward the marginalized section of society, such as migrants, and their social acceptance. Broadly, extant literature has conceptualized this as an online hate speech detection task and employed predictive ML models. However, a crucial omission in this literature is the genesis (or causality) of online hate, i.e., why do we hate migrants? Drawing insights from social science literature, we have identified three antecedents of online hate: Cultural, Economic, and Security concerns. Subsequently, we probe -which of these concerns triggers higher toxicity on online platforms? Initially, we consider OLS-based regression analysis and SHAP framework to identify the predictors of toxicity, and subsequently, we use Double Machine Learning (DML)-based casual analysis to investigate whether good predictors of toxicity are also causally significant. We find that the causal effect of Cultural concerns on toxicity is higher than Security and Economic concerns.
Organisationseinheit(en): Forschungszentrum L3S
Typ: Aufsatz in Konferenzband
Anzahl der Seiten: 10
Publikationsdatum: 05.09.2023
Publikationsstatus: Veröffentlicht
Peer-reviewed: Ja
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete: Software, Artificial intelligence, Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, Computergrafik und computergestütztes Design
Elektronische Version(en): https://doi.org/10.1145/3603163.3609040 (Zugang: Offen)

BibTeX

@inproceedings{6b020e0f4f5a4a84b43b475ea977ce94,
title = "Why do we Hate Migrants?: A Double Machine Learning-based Approach",
abstract = "AI-based NLP literature has explored antipathy toward the marginalized section of society, such as migrants, and their social acceptance. Broadly, extant literature has conceptualized this as an online hate speech detection task and employed predictive ML models. However, a crucial omission in this literature is the genesis (or causality) of online hate, i.e., why do we hate migrants? Drawing insights from social science literature, we have identified three antecedents of online hate: Cultural, Economic, and Security concerns. Subsequently, we probe -which of these concerns triggers higher toxicity on online platforms? Initially, we consider OLS-based regression analysis and SHAP framework to identify the predictors of toxicity, and subsequently, we use Double Machine Learning (DML)-based casual analysis to investigate whether good predictors of toxicity are also causally significant. We find that the causal effect of Cultural concerns on toxicity is higher than Security and Economic concerns.",
keywords = "Causality, Double machine Learning, Online Hate, Toxicity",
author = "Aparup Khatua and Wolfgang Nejdl",
note = "Funding Information: Funding for this paper was, in part, provided by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Germany under the project LeibnizKILabor with grant No. 01DD20003.",
year = "2023",
month = sep,
day = "5",
doi = "10.1145/3603163.3609040",
language = "English",
isbn = "979-8-4007-0232-7",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 34th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media",
publisher = "Association for Computing Machinery, Inc",
}