Russeting partially restores apple skin permeability to water vapour

verfasst von: Bishnu P. Khanal, Godfrey M. Ikigu, Moritz Knoche
Abstract: Main conclusion: The higher water loss of russeted fruit results from the higher permeance of the periderm of the russeted skin as compared to that of the intact cuticle and epidermis. Apple fruit surfaces are often in-parallel composites, comprising areas of intact cuticle (atop a healthy epidermis) adjacent to areas covered by periderm (so-called russet). The occurrence of non-russeting and russeting genotypes makes this species an ideal model to study the barrier properties of its composite skin. The objective was to quantify the water vapour permeances of non-russeted (P _ES ) and russeted fruit skins (P _PS ). Rates of water loss from whole fruit (F _fruit ) and excised epidermal skin segments (ES) or peridermal skin segments (PS) were quantified gravimetrically. The F _fruit was larger in russeting than in non-russeting genotypes because P _PS exceeded P _ES by about twofold. Also, the P _ES of russeting genotypes was larger than that of non-russeting genotypes. Generally, P _PS was more variable than P _ES . These differences were consistent across seasons and genotypes. The lower P _ES as compared to P _PS resulted primarily from the higher wax content of the cuticle of the P _ES . For non-russeted genotypes, the value of P _ES was significantly related to the permeance determined on the same intact fruit (P _fruit ). Close relationships were also found between the F _fruit calculated from P _ES determined on the same fruit and the measured F _fruit . For russeting genotypes, the P _ES or P _PS were not correlated with P _fruit . The F _fruit calculated from P _ES , P _PS , A _ES and A _PS (all determined on an individual-fruit basis) was significantly correlated with the measured F _fruit . Our results demonstrate that the periderm permeance exceeds the cuticle permeance and that permeances of non-russeted surfaces of russeting genotypes exceed those of non-russeting genotypes.
Organisationseinheit(en): Institut für Gartenbauliche Produktionssysteme
Typ: Artikel
Journal: Planta
Band: 249
Seiten: 849-860
Anzahl der Seiten: 12
ISSN: 0032-0935
Publikationsdatum: 08.03.2019
Publikationsstatus: Veröffentlicht
Peer-reviewed: Ja
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete: Genetik, Pflanzenkunde
Elektronische Version(en): https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-018-3044-1 (Zugang: Geschlossen)

BibTeX

@article{5bcdf021e7b148c086d1843cf093f01a,
title = "Russeting partially restores apple skin permeability to water vapour",
abstract = " Main conclusion: The higher water loss of russeted fruit results from the higher permeance of the periderm of the russeted skin as compared to that of the intact cuticle and epidermis. Apple fruit surfaces are often in-parallel composites, comprising areas of intact cuticle (atop a healthy epidermis) adjacent to areas covered by periderm (so-called russet). The occurrence of non-russeting and russeting genotypes makes this species an ideal model to study the barrier properties of its composite skin. The objective was to quantify the water vapour permeances of non-russeted (P ES ) and russeted fruit skins (P PS ). Rates of water loss from whole fruit (F fruit ) and excised epidermal skin segments (ES) or peridermal skin segments (PS) were quantified gravimetrically. The F fruit was larger in russeting than in non-russeting genotypes because P PS exceeded P ES by about twofold. Also, the P ES of russeting genotypes was larger than that of non-russeting genotypes. Generally, P PS was more variable than P ES . These differences were consistent across seasons and genotypes. The lower P ES as compared to P PS resulted primarily from the higher wax content of the cuticle of the P ES . For non-russeted genotypes, the value of P ES was significantly related to the permeance determined on the same intact fruit (P fruit ). Close relationships were also found between the F fruit calculated from P ES determined on the same fruit and the measured F fruit . For russeting genotypes, the P ES or P PS were not correlated with P fruit . The F fruit calculated from P ES , P PS , A ES and A PS (all determined on an individual-fruit basis) was significantly correlated with the measured F fruit . Our results demonstrate that the periderm permeance exceeds the cuticle permeance and that permeances of non-russeted surfaces of russeting genotypes exceed those of non-russeting genotypes. ",
keywords = "Cork, Cuticle, Microcrack, Periderm, Wax",
author = "Khanal, {Bishnu P.} and Ikigu, {Godfrey M.} and Moritz Knoche",
note = "Funding information: This research was funded in part by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grant no. KN 402/15-1). We thank Friederike Schroeder and Simon Sitzenstock for technical support. We also thank Yun-Hao Chen and Jannis Straube for preparing the microtome sections and Dr. Sandy Lang for helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.",
year = "2019",
month = mar,
day = "8",
doi = "10.1007/s00425-018-3044-1",
language = "English",
volume = "249",
pages = "849--860",
journal = "Planta",
issn = "0032-0935",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
number = "3",
}