Analytical study to measure the variability in quality factors attenuating the export of Kinnow/Mandarin fruit

verfasst von: Muhammad Mushtaq Ahmad, Tahir Mahmood Qureshi, Muhammad Zia, Maham Mushtaq, Muhammad Waheed Iqbal, Ilaria Cacciotti, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Sameh A. Korma
Abstract: The Kinnow (a King–Willow leaf mandarin hybrid) fruit is highly cultivated and produced in Pakistan. The Kinnow fruits collected from different orchard categories in three Tehsils, i.e., Sargodha, Kot Momin and Bhalwal of Sargodha District, from three plant elevations (top, center and bottom), were analyzed for physical (weight, size, uniformity in color, shape, citrus canker, rind blemishes, firmness, peel thickness, peel percentage and seed rate), chemical (total soluble solids, ascorbic acid contents and juice recovery) and sensory characteristics, as well as phytochemical evaluations. The weight of Kinnow fruit collected from the top of the plant in the orchard of Bhalwal ranged from 148.22 to 160.31 gs, whereas in Kot Momin it ranged from 149.62 to 170.96 gs. The highest percentage of fruits having orange color was present in Kot Momin (55–71 %), followed by Bhalwal (54–63 %) and Sargodha (51–54 %) areas. The fruits collected from Kot Momin showed the highest total soluble solids, i.e. 13.64–14.21 °Brix. Kinnow fruits collected from the orchards of Kot Momin Tehsil at the top level presented the highest ascorbic acid contents (38.43–48.25 mg/100 mL), followed by Bhalwal (29.73–40.38 mg/100 mL) and the least were found in Sargodha (21.63–28.58 mg/100 mL). In addition, the radical scavenging activity of fruit juices collected from the orchards of Kot Momin and Bhalwal was high. The results of all the attributes of each evaluation confirmed the wide range of differences between orchard location areas as well as fruit location on the plant. Such kind of conditions may lead to the attenuation of the exportable quality of Kinnow fruits. Due to these conditions, most of the fruits collected from the orchards of Sargodha were not considered as of export quality compared to fruits collected from Kot Momin and Bhalwal.
Organisationseinheit(en): Institut für Lebensmittelwissenschaft und Humanernährung
Molekulare Lebensmittelchemie und -entwicklung
Externe Organisation(en): Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
University of Sargodha
University of Agriculture Faisalabad
Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (JUST)
Nikolaus-von-Kues-Universität Rom (UNICUSANO)
South China University of Technology
Zagazig University
International Institute of Science, Arts and Technology (IISAT)
Typ: Artikel
Journal: Measurement: Food
Band: 14
Publikationsdatum: 18.03.2024
Publikationsstatus: Elektronisch veröffentlicht (E-Pub)
Peer-reviewed: Ja
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete: Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Ernährung und Diätetik
Elektronische Version(en): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meafoo.2024.100155 (Zugang: Offen)

BibTeX

@article{1fe4a322c15d4cd68e9775ecc472d8db,
title = "Analytical study to measure the variability in quality factors attenuating the export of Kinnow/Mandarin fruit",
abstract = "The Kinnow (a King–Willow leaf mandarin hybrid) fruit is highly cultivated and produced in Pakistan. The Kinnow fruits collected from different orchard categories in three Tehsils, i.e., Sargodha, Kot Momin and Bhalwal of Sargodha District, from three plant elevations (top, center and bottom), were analyzed for physical (weight, size, uniformity in color, shape, citrus canker, rind blemishes, firmness, peel thickness, peel percentage and seed rate), chemical (total soluble solids, ascorbic acid contents and juice recovery) and sensory characteristics, as well as phytochemical evaluations. The weight of Kinnow fruit collected from the top of the plant in the orchard of Bhalwal ranged from 148.22 to 160.31 gs, whereas in Kot Momin it ranged from 149.62 to 170.96 gs. The highest percentage of fruits having orange color was present in Kot Momin (55–71 %), followed by Bhalwal (54–63 %) and Sargodha (51–54 %) areas. The fruits collected from Kot Momin showed the highest total soluble solids, i.e. 13.64–14.21 °Brix. Kinnow fruits collected from the orchards of Kot Momin Tehsil at the top level presented the highest ascorbic acid contents (38.43–48.25 mg/100 mL), followed by Bhalwal (29.73–40.38 mg/100 mL) and the least were found in Sargodha (21.63–28.58 mg/100 mL). In addition, the radical scavenging activity of fruit juices collected from the orchards of Kot Momin and Bhalwal was high. The results of all the attributes of each evaluation confirmed the wide range of differences between orchard location areas as well as fruit location on the plant. Such kind of conditions may lead to the attenuation of the exportable quality of Kinnow fruits. Due to these conditions, most of the fruits collected from the orchards of Sargodha were not considered as of export quality compared to fruits collected from Kot Momin and Bhalwal.",
keywords = "Export quality, Kinnow fruit, Physicochemical quality characteristics, Sensory evaluation",
author = "Ahmad, {Muhammad Mushtaq} and Qureshi, {Tahir Mahmood} and Muhammad Zia and Maham Mushtaq and Iqbal, {Muhammad Waheed} and Ilaria Cacciotti and Tuba Esatbeyoglu and Korma, {Sameh A.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors are grateful to all cooperating university research departments and for their valuable efforts, which proved resourceful and beneficial for the outcomes of these trials. This publication was also supported by the Punjab Agriculture Research Board , Lahore, Pakistan (under PARB competitive grant system (CGS) with the PARB project number 896 ) for carrying out all research activities.",
year = "2024",
month = mar,
day = "18",
doi = "10.1016/j.meafoo.2024.100155",
language = "English",
volume = "14",
journal = "Measurement: Food",
issn = "2772-2759",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",
}